Types of Mental Illnesses and What are the major mental illnesses?

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There are several types of mental illnesses that can cause mild to severe symptoms that can vary greatly from one type to another. Here is a list of some common mental disorders.

Mental illnesses or mental disorders are defined as psychological abnormalities in thinking, behavior and moods. It is often associated with anguish, impairment of functioning or disability in some way. There are a number of factors that can lead to mental illness. Genetic, biological and environmental factors can cause mental disorders in men, women and children of all ages. To ensure that recovery and treatment measures are provided, it is extremely important to identify and diagnose these conditions. Over the years, with advances in clinical psychiatry, there have been a number of changes in the recognition of the types of mental disorders.

Classifying the types of mental illness

The definitions and classifications of the various types of mental illnesses have undergone a series of changes. Currently there are two accepted systems of classifications of mental health disorders: one is done through Chapter V of the ICD-10: Mental and behavioral disorders. This manual has been published by the International Classification of Diseases, WHO since 1949. The other is the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (the fourth and last edition is the DSM-IV) produced by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) . This manual has been in publication since 1952 and is widely used in the United States, while Great Britain and the rest of Europe follow the previous classification code provided by ICD. Both classifications based on the syndrome list a range of mental health conditions, for example, the DSM IV lists about 300 mental disorders.

Along with this, the ICD-10 has included childhood disorders in two broad categories, developmental disorders of emotional problems and children’s psychological behavior (F80-89) and emotional and behavioral disorders with onset usually in childhood and adolescence (F90-98). The DSM IV includes childhood disorders in Axis I, disturbing behavior disorder, childhood or adolescent anxiety disorders, eating disorders, tic disorders, elimination disorders, and in Axis II disorders. Penetrating development. Here is a list of some common mental disorders in adults and children along with their definitions.

List of Mental Disorders

Anxiety disorders
Childhood disorders
Cognitive disorders
Dissociative disorders
Eating disorders
Pulse control disorder
Mood disorders
Organic brain disorders
Personality disorder
Sexual disorders
Sleep disorders
Other mental disorders

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Mental Illnesses

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Anxiety disorders

Affecting about 40 million adults in the United States alone, anxiety disorders are extremely common and can affect anyone, whether adults or children. Unlike general episodes of anxiety from time to time, anxiety disorders are marked by prolonged periods of anxiety, usually six months or longer

Generalized anxiety disorder: a person with a generalized anxiety disorder has a constant, excessive and irrational worry about anything, whether due to family issues, money, relationships or work problems. Fatigue, recurrent headaches, muscle aches, numbness of hands and feet, rashes, hot flashes and inability to control anxiety are some of the common symptoms of this mental disorder.

Panic disorder: a type of anxiety disorder that affects both adults and children. Panic disorders cause several recurrent panic attacks. Most of these attacks are sudden and are triggered without warning. Common symptoms include intense anxiety, rapid heartbeat, dizziness, tremors, and a feeling of intense and uncontrollable fear.

Specific phobia: derived from the Greek word Phobos, phobia is a feeling of intense fear of something specific that may or may not represent a danger to the person suffering from fear. The proximity to the phobic stimulus can trigger this irrational fear. Fear of spiders (arachnophobia), flying (aviofobia) and fear of dogs (cynophobia) are some examples of specific phobias.

Social Anxiety Disorder: Also known as social phobia, social anxiety disorder is a type of anxiety disorder in which a person feels extremely self-aware and anxious in a social situation. He or she may begin to blush, shake, sweat profusely, or have difficulty conversing with people.

Obsessive-compulsive disorder: Repetitive and often unwanted feelings, ideas or obsessions can be caused by an obsessive-compulsive disorder. The repetitive obsession of an anguished thought or image and the compulsion to do a specific act can leave the person anxious and tired all the time. Examples of obsessive-compulsive behavior include washing your hands repeatedly to eliminate infectious germs or checking and rechecking certain things, such as locking the door or turning off the lights.

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: A traumatic experience such as a natural disaster, hostage situations, abuse, harassment and rape can lead to post-traumatic stress disorder. The person suffers from depression, anxiety and anger. Repeated flashbacks of the traumatic event can further increase distress.

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Childhood disorders

Like mental disorders in adults, there are also several childhood disorders. Studies in child psychiatry have identified the need to study child psychology differently from adult psychology. This is because a child depends on his parents and caregivers for his emotional and other development. In addition, children are less expressive in their words, and therefore disorders are more difficult to diagnose.

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD / ADHD): one of the most common childhood disorders, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is characterized by hyperactive behavior, difficulty paying attention and staying focused. The child is easily distracted, loses things, changes from one activity to another, is constantly in motion, talks non-stop and often does not listen when spoken to.

Autistic disorder (autism): autism or autistic disorder is a developmental disorder in which the child shows limited social communication and repetitive behavior. Symptoms can usually be seen in the preschool age. Certain developmental deficits, such as not stammering at twelve months of age or not speaking words for eighteen months along with loss of language or social skills may indicate autism in babies. In preschool children, signs such as lack of physical contact, avoidance of eye contact and failure to communicate with others may indicate autism. The child may repeat certain behavior such as stacking cups or placing things in a row. He or she can have certain rituals and be extremely concerned with lights and moving objects.

Behavior disorder: When there is a repetitive and persistent violation of the rules along with disrespect to socially accepted behavior, it is known as behavioral disorder in children. Some of the common behaviors exhibited include aggression towards people, cruelty to animals, theft, fighting, destruction of property and violation of rules at school and home.

Encopresis: this is the voluntary dirtiness of the clothing due to the retention of the stool. The excrement that accumulates in the colon can leak and stain clothes. This is usually seen in young children trained to go to the bathroom older than four years. Encopresis is a sign of constipation, or is caused by the retention of stools due to psychological or neurological disorders.

Enuresis: Enuresis or bedwetting is the inability to control urination, especially while sleeping. There are three types of enuresis that include diurnal enuresis (diurnal incontinence), nocturnal enuresis (nocturnal incontinence), and mixed enuresis. While primary enuresis refers to children who have not learned to use the bathroom, secondary enuresis refers to children trained to go to the bathroom who have incontinence due to some stressful situation. The behavior must be observed twice for at least three weeks to be diagnosed as enuresis.

Learning Disorder: Learning Disorders is a general term to define a wide range of disorders related to learning difficulties. These disorders affect the way the person listens, speaks, understands and uses the things learned. Learning disorders are grouped into different skill sets. These include:
Learning problems in reading (dyslexia)
Learning problems in mathematics (dyscalculia)
Learning problems in writing (dysgraphia)
Learning problems in language (aphasia / dysphasia)
Learning problems in motor skills (dyspraxia)
Visual processing disorder
Audio processing disorder

Mental Retardation: Preferably known as intellectual disability, mental retardation is a developmental disability characterized by below-average intellectual functioning and adaptive skills (skills necessary for daily life, such as language learning, social skills, and abilities related to work). It is often diagnosed in children under the age of eighteen.

Oppositional Defiant Disorder: This is a disorder that is marked by hostility and defiance towards authority figures. Common symptoms of the disorder include extreme anger, refusal to comply with rules, saying hurtful things, bad and spiteful behavior in children. The child may have frequent and inconsolable tantrums and outbursts of anger.

Pile disorder: When a child eats substances such as clay, dirt, chalk, or sand, they may have pica disease. This is especially true if the child continues to do so for more than a month. Some of these substances can be toxic like lead in paint or hairballs that can cause intestinal obstruction. Nutritional deficiencies such as iron deficiency, acquired taste or mental stressors such as parental abandonment, family problems and poverty can trigger this disorder in children.
Reactive attachment disorder – a rare condition that can have serious implications. Reactive attachment disorder occurs when a child does not become attached to caregivers or parents due to abuse or neglect. Orphaned children can also suffer from this problem. The lack of love and necessary nutrition can lead to you withdrawing from others. The child often does not respond to people, has no interest in playing with toys or other people and likes to be alone. In older children, symptoms such as aggressive behavior, discomfort and obvious discomfort can be observed.

Rett’s disorder: a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects only girls, Rett’s disorder is characterized by normal growth in the first six months of the baby’s life, followed by a deceleration in development. Slow growth of the head, problems walking, wringing hands, convulsions and loss of muscle tone are some common physical symptoms. The delay in development may be accompanied by a deterioration of language and social skills.

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Rumination disorder: This is an eating disorder in children that is characterized by constant regurgitation and re-mastication of foods that are not digested. This is seen more frequently in babies older than three months and rarely in small children or adolescents. This disorder is often accompanied by symptoms such as bad breath, indigestion of the stomach, chapped lips and weight loss in babies.

Selective mutism: this is a psychological disorder in which children who speak can limit themselves to talking in social environments or at school with strangers. This form of extreme social phobia is especially common in children under the age of five.

Separation anxiety disorder: Separation anxiety in children is described as a fear or anxiety about the separation of parents and the home. The child may suffer excessive anguish and worry at the prospect of being separated from the primary caregiver and the family environment. They can refuse to go to school, be reluctant to sleep and have repeated nightmares about their separation. In some cases, the child may complain of imaginary diseases such as headaches and fever.

Stereotypic movement disorder: This is a mental disorder in children that is characterized by repetitive behavior, such as shaking with the hand, biting, biting the nails or rocking the body. The behavior often has a negative impact on the child’s daily life and can even cause bodily harm.

Tic disorder: rapid, often painless, rapid movements or sounds are known as tics. There are two types of tics, motors and vocal tics. Motor tics can be simple tics such as blinking or head shaking or complex tics like biting, hitting and making obscene gestures. Similarly, vocal tics can vary from meaningless sounds to complex vocal tics such as coprolalia where obscene gestures and sounds are made. When there are motor and vocal tics, it is known as Tourette’s disorder, which is a more complex form of nervous tic.

Cognitive disorders

Cognitive disorders affect learning, memory, problem solving and perception. Contrary to popular assumption, cognitive disorders are not only suffered by the elderly. People of all ages can have cognitive disorders such as delirium and dementia. It can be the result of substance abuse, a medical condition, or a combination of both.

Delirium: delirium is a mental disorder characterized by a difficulty in understanding the situation and an alteration of the individual’s conscience. The person may present symptoms such as lack of purpose, random behavior and actions. There may be a change in the sleep and wake cycle. In addition, the thought process is disorganized and the person’s speech, memory and concentration may be affected.

Dementia: Dementia is described as a disorder that is characterized by the loss of a person’s memory due to certain factors, including brain injuries or strokes. Diseases such as Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease can also lead to this mental disorder. In such a case, it is known as Alzheimer’s Dementia or Dementia due to HIV.

Dissociative disorders

When there is an interruption or total collapse of a person’s memory, perception and consciousness, then it is known as a dissociative disorder. The thoughts, feelings and sensations of a person are disconnected from each other. Often caused by psychological trauma, especially during childhood and adolescence, the dissociative disorder can vary from amnesia to a multiple personality disorder.

Depersonalization disorder: Is there a sense of being separated from oneself and observing one’s own actions from afar? Then it can be a sign of depersonalization disorder. These periods of detachment can be recurrent and persistent, resulting in dysfunction and anguish in an individual. Sometimes, emotional stress, lack of sleep and alcohol consumption can trigger a random episode of this detachment in healthy individuals. However, if there are persistent and recurrent episodes of it, then it can be a sign of the disorder.

Dissociative amnesia: the loss of memory during a significant period of time or the inability to remember vital personal information is known as dissociative amnesia. This can be caused by an episode of a single, extremely stressful situation, such as an accident.

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Dissociative Fugue: Caused by a single stressful event, the dissociative fugue is a type of dissociative disorder in which a person constructs a completely new identity to replace the confusion with respect to real identity. Unable to remember the past, the person is totally connected with the new identity while completely renouncing the memories of the previous identity.

Dissociative Identity Disorder (Multiple Personality Disorder): Also known as multiple personality disorder, the dissociative identity disorder is characterized by two or more different identities or personalities of a person and the inability to recall the memories of each personality state. Different personalities can take control of thoughts and actions at different times. Severe depersonalization and detachment from the environment can be attested.

Dissociative Disorder Not Otherwise Specified (NOS): In addition to these types of dissociative behavior, a person may suffer mood swings, phobias, substance abuse, suicidal tendencies, and various health problems that are somehow associated with the dissociative disorder.

Eating disorders

Defined as an excessive or extremely restrictive intake of food, eating disorders can seriously damage a person’s health. The concern for food and health is such that a person has little time to think about something else.

Anorexia nervosa: characterized by an irrational fear of weight gain and a severely restricted diet, anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder common among many young men and women. These dietary restrictions cause severe weight loss and other metabolic and hormonal changes. The person often has a negative self-image, gets too much exercise and is always preoccupied with food. Constipation, menstrual irregularities, pain in the abdomen, low blood pressure and dehydration are some of the common signs of this disorder. Extreme cases of anorexia can cause multi-organ failure and brain damage.

Bulimia nervosa: frequent episodes of eating large amounts of food followed by feelings of guilt and compensatory behavior such as forced vomiting and excessive exercise are known as bulimia nervosa. Common symptoms of this disorder include inflammation of the glands, inflammation of the throat, acid reflux, severe dehydration and an electrolyte imbalance.
Binge eating: Binge eating disorder is when a person loses control of their diet. Obesity along with related diseases such as cardiovascular problems are some of the common effects of binge eating. After consuming the excess food, feelings of guilt and depression follow. This can be accompanied by eating even more.

Pulse control disorder

Impulse control disorder is a type of psychological disorder in which a person can not resist the urge or temptation to participate in an action that could harm him or others. According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR) there are a number of types of impulse control behavior, among which

Intermittent explosive disorder: the intermittent explosive disorder or IED includes extreme manifestations of anger in an individual due to real or perceived provocations. This can lead to aggressive acts such as destroying property or attacking someone.

Kleptomania: The impulsive need to steal something without considering the monetary value or use of the item. Theft is done for the satisfaction and compliance of committing the theft.

Pathological bets: the urge to bet continually despite knowing the harmful effects of them is known as pathological game or problem game. This uncontrollable urge to gamble can have significant negative effects on a person’s life, including financial problems, interrupted family life and other similar effects.

Pyromania: pyromania is a disorder of impulse control in which a person feels the uncontrollable need to set fire. This is often done for no reason and only for the satisfaction of setting fire.

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Trichotillomania: identified as an overwhelming need to tear the hair, trichotillomania can cause a remarkable loss of hair, especially around the eyebrows, head, eyelashes and hands.

Other types of impulse control disorders that are not specified are Internet addiction, dermatofilomania (skin bite), oncogofagia (biting the nails) and compulsive shopping.

Mood disorders

Mood disorders are some of the most common types of mental disorders that affect people around the world. These disorders mean a major change in a person’s mood. Among them, depression and bipolar disorder are two emotionally disabling mental illnesses that can seriously affect a person’s life, while dysthymic disorder and cyclothymic disorder are some moderate forms of mood disorders.

Major depression: also known as clinical depression or unipolar depression, major depression is a mood disorder in which a person suffers from an extremely low self-esteem and lack of interest. It can affect the daily life of a person. Feelings of hopelessness, lack of self-esteem, inappropriate amount of guilt and obsessive thoughts are some of the symptoms of this disorder. In severe cases, the person may suffer from insomnia, memory loss, delusions and thoughts of suicide.

Bipolar disorder: Bipolar disorder is often referred to as manic depression or manic depressive illness. A person with bipolar disorder can suffer frequent mood swings. A frantic state of mania in which a person seems energetic and excited is often followed by a state of depression. When the person has a manic episode, he or she may feel extremely happy or be in an irritable and nervous mood. They can talk fast, get easily distracted and jump from one idea to another. This is contrasted with the depressive episode when there are long periods of “feeling unwell” along with fatigue, inability to concentrate and change habits. The person may have constant thoughts of suicide.

Dysthymic disorder: Dysthymia is a persistent mood depression that is not severe enough to be classified as major depression. In this condition, a person is persecuted for a depressive feeling for more than two years and often has symptoms such as lack of appetite, low self-esteem, difficulty concentrating and insomnia.

Cyclothymic disorder: a milder form of severe bipolar disorder, the cyclothymic disorder also produces mild forms of mania and depression phases. Some of the common symptoms of cyclothymic disorder are alternating periods of euphoria and depression over a period of two years with less than two months without symptoms. Depression periods generally tend to spread more than the mania phase.

Seasonal affective disorder (SAD): known as winter blues or summer blues, seasonal affective disorder is a type of mood disorder in which people experience changes in mood with climate changes.

Organic brain disorders

These types of disorders are the direct result of physical changes that affect the brain. In other words, there are several diseases and disorders that can affect or damage the brain, leading to impaired mental function. The term is used to denote physical disorders that can lead to mental and non-psychiatric illnesses. However, the demarcation between the two is almost impossible in many cases. So, this term is not widely used today. The following are some of the mental illnesses that are under the term organic brain disorder / organic brain disease / organic brain syndrome.

Huntington’s disease: a hereditary disease that affects the brain, Huntington’s disease causes the progressive breakdown of nerve cells in the brain, leading to functional, cognitive and psychiatric problems.

Multiple sclerosis: a degenerative disease, multiple sclerosis affects the lining of the myelin sheath of nerve cells, which slows or stops nerve impulses. This disorder affects the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord), causing a wide range of physical and mental symptoms.

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Alzheimer’s disease: one of the most common causes of dementia (loss of brain function caused by certain diseases), Alzheimer’s disease is characterized by the degeneration and death of brain cells, which affects mental function.

Parkinson’s disease: this is a degenerative disorder of the central nervous system. The condition affects the ability of nerve cells to send messages and cause tremors that can even lead to paralysis.

There are several cardiovascular diseases that can affect the functioning of the brain and cause certain mental illnesses. These include stroke, heart arrhythmias, heart infections, etc.

Sometimes, mental disorders can be induced by trauma. For example, a head injury can affect the brain and cause organ damage, causing mental disorders. Other medical conditions that can affect brain function include cancer, thyroid problems, liver and kidney disease, infections (such as septicemia), certain vitamin deficiencies (such as B12), drug and alcohol related intoxication, withdrawal symptoms of drugs and alcohol, etc.

Personality disorder

Personality disorders affect people who deviate from the set of distinctive behavioral and mental traits that define our society. This can cause serious relationships and problems related to work. There are about ten personality disorders that are divided into three groups as enumerated by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. These include:

Group A (odd)

Paranoid Personality Disorder: General distrust of others along with suspicious thinking, paranoia and the constant search for threats of danger are all signs of a paranoid personality disorder.

Schizoid personality disorder: a person with schizophrenic personality disorder avoids and is usually indifferent to others. He or she may show a complete lack of interest in social relationships or can not express themselves emotionally.

Schizotypal Personality Disorder: Some of the common symptoms of schizotypal personality disorder include eccentric behavior in terms of dressing styles, strange beliefs about magic and supernatural, social isolation, paranoid thinking and suspicious thinking. The person with this disorder will have excessive social anxiety and will lack close friends and confidants.

Group B (dramatic)

Antisocial personality disorder: a person with this disorder tends to violate and exploit the rights of others. Along with lack of respect or empathy for others, the person can also show a certain amount of regular criminal activity.

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Borderline personality disorder: unstable interpersonal relationships, extreme mood swings, unpredictable actions, often self-destructive and changes in self-image are some of the characteristics of a borderline personality disorder.

Narcissistic Personality Disorder: A sense of expanded self-importance and constant attention needs are signs of the narcissistic disorder of the personality. They can be extremely sensitive to failure and are often torn between insecurity and self-admiration.

Histrionic personality disorder: people affected by histrionic personality disorder demonstrate an exaggerated, often theatrical, expression of emotions, are easily influenced by circumstances, are openly concerned about physical appearance and have a continuous need for excitement. Some of the signs marked include seeking appreciation, manipulation to meet their own needs and feeling that they bruise easily.

Group C (Anxious)

Avoidant personality disorder: avoidant personality disorder is manifested in people who remain shy and withdrawn throughout their lives. They may be sensitive to rejection and their thoughts are always clouded with their own shortcomings.

Dependent personality disorder: people with dependent personality disorder rely heavily on others to meet their needs, whether physical or emotional. They get scared of personal responsibilities, are easily hurt by criticism and always feel extremely helpless and alone in any relationship. Their ability to make decisions is affected and they have problems expressing themselves in case of disagreement.

Obsessive compulsive personality disorder: is there a person obsessed with rules, cleanliness and order? These may be symptoms of obsessive-compulsive personality disorder. The person would lack flexibility and would be continually obsessed with details and rules. He or she may be unable to show affection or generosity towards others. To be classified as a disorder, the obsession must have a negative impact on the person’s life and relationships with others.

Sexual disorders

Dyspareunia: dyspareunia, also known as painful intercourse, can be caused by a series of physical and physiological factors. Anxiety, stress, relationship problems and fear of intimacy are some of the psychological factors that can cause pain during sex.

Exhibitionism: the act of exposing one’s private parts for instant gratification is known as exhibitionism.

Female and male orgasmic disorders: when orgasm does not occur or is delayed due to a series of psychological factors such as anxiety and stress, it is classified as orgasmic disorder.

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Disorder of female sexual arousal: also known as frigidity, female sexual arousal disorder may manifest itself due to lack of excitement or pleasure in sexual activity. The woman may wish to avoid sexual contact with the partner. Psychological factors such as anger, depression, lack of confidence or extreme conflict in the relationship can lead to this sexual disorder in women.

Fetish: a type of sexual disorder that is characterized by a person who shows sexual behavior and fantasies towards an inanimate object.

Frotteurism: frotteurism is a sexual disorder in which a person has fantasies and sexual impulses when rubbing or touching a person who does not consent.

Gender Identity Disorder: A person with a gender identity disorder can identify with the other sex more than their own. He or she may feel that it would have been better if they had been born as the opposite sex.

Hypoactive sexual desire disorder: hypoactive sexual desire disorder also known as HSDD is a chronic absence of sexual desires and fantasies. To be considered a psychological disorder, this condition must have a negative impact on the person’s interpersonal relationships or cause great anguish.

Male erectile dysfunction (ED): also known as impotence, erectile dysfunction is the inability to maintain an erection. Along with physical causes such as hormonal problems or circulatory problems, erectile dysfunction can also be caused by psychological factors such as depression, anxiety and relationship problems.

Pedophilia: Pedophilia is a form of mental disorder in which men or women, sixteen years of age or older, have a sexual orientation towards children under the age of thirteen, also known as prepubes. According to the diagnostic criteria of the DSM IV, the person must be five years older than the child and must participate in sexual fantasies, behaviors or impulses with a child under 13 years of age.

Premature ejaculation: this is a condition in which a man ejaculates earlier than his partner would want during a sexual relationship. It is most often caused by psychological factors such as anxiety, guilt and excessive stimulation.

Sexual addiction: Sexual addiction, also known as sexual addiction, is described as an obsession with sex. This often interferes with the person’s life, sometimes even putting a person in physical and mental danger.

Sexual Masochism: Sexual masochism is a type of sexual disorder in which a person obtains sexual pleasure and gratification by inflicting pain and humiliating the other person. The person can participate in fantasies or acts that involve physical pain such as being beaten or tied or simply limited to verbal humiliation and insults.

Voyeurism: a sexual disorder in which a person obtains sexual pleasure and gratification by observing naked people, undressing or participating in sexual acts.

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Sleep disorders

Hypersomnia: characterized by excessive sleepiness during the day, hypersomnia affects a person for a prolonged period of time, usually more than three months. The person is lethargic and unable to lead a normal life. Hypersomnia is classified as primary and recurrent hypersomnia. While people with primary hypersomnia suffer from recurrent somnolence for a prolonged period, people with recurrent hypersomnia will have two to three days of excessive sleepiness over a period of two to three years.

Insomnia: when a person can not fall asleep or stay asleep, it is said that he suffers from insomnia. The person affected with insomnia will have trouble falling asleep, will wake up many times, will wake up too early and will feel extremely tired even after waking up. Significant stress, depression and anxiety, problems of concentration and memory along with certain mental disorders such as bipolar disorder or obsessive-compulsive disorder are some of the psychological causes of insomnia.

Nightmare Disorder: Nightmare disorder is a type of sleep disorder in which a person is attacked by frequent nightmares while sleeping. People with this disorder have detailed nightmare dreams that may pose a threat to their safety or self-esteem. It can cause significant anguish in a person’s life and impair the functioning of a person in social or occupational settings. This is often triggered by extreme psychological stress events such as accidents or the death of a loved one.

Sleep Terror Disorder: Also known as night terrors, the sleep terror disorder is characterized by a person who wakes up from sleep with fear or extreme fear. This disorder affects mainly children and, in rare cases, even adults. The child can wake up with extreme fear and be inconsolable. They can beat their limbs or show symptoms such as excessive sweating, fast heartbeat and sleepwalking.

Sleepwalking Disorder: If a person repeatedly gets out of bed and walks or performs other activities while still asleep, then he or she may suffer from sleepwalking disorder. Upon awakening, the person may or may not remember the activity he or she has performed while he or she has wandered. Sleep deprivation, chronic stress along with psychiatric disorders such as panic attacks or multiple personality disorders can cause a sleepwalking disorder.

Oneirophrenia: due to prolonged sleep deficiency, or certain psychoactive drugs, a person may suffer from onofrephrenia. This is a mental state that is characterized by illusions, hallucinations and other mental health problems.

Parasomnias: Parasomnias is a general term that represents a series of movements, behaviors or unnatural perceptions, while asleep, between the different stages of sleep and upon awakening. Some of the common types of parasomnias include:
Somnambulism
Nightmares
Night terrors
Blows in the head (rhythmic movement disorder)
Speak in dreams
Night cramps in the legs
Sleep paralysis
Bruxism (teeth grinding)
Bedwetting (wetting in bed)
Irregular heart rhythms
Erections related to sleep

Other mental disorders

Adaptation disorders: When an important stressor or event changes a person’s life and he or she can not cope with these changes, an adjustment disorder occurs. Adaptation disorders are extremely common and can affect anyone, whether children or adults. Hopelessness, extreme sadness, anxiety, trouble sleeping, feeling worried and overwhelmed are some of the symptoms of this disorder. The person may exhibit suicidal tendencies or engage in destructive behavior.

Conversion Disorder: A mental illness in which a person suffers from neurological symptoms such as blindness, paralysis, numbness and inability to speak. These conditions are often not connected to any medical condition.

Factitious disorders: a group of mental illnesses in which a person knowingly feigns an illness and its symptoms. People with an artificial disorder can lie about the symptoms, alter the diagnostic tests and even hurt themselves to cause the symptoms. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) recognizes four types of Factitious Disorders
Factitious disorder with mostly psychological symptoms
Factitious disorder with mostly physical symptoms
Factitious disorder with psychological and physical symptoms
Factitious disorder not specified

Unlike the somatization disorder in which the person experiences the symptoms, factitious disorders are characterized by the fact that the person intentionally simulates the symptoms of the disease without actually experiencing it. The history of neglect, abuse as a child or long-term illnesses of close relatives can cause this disorder.

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Fregoli delirium: people with Fregoli delirium believe that a single person changes their disguise and appears as different people to torment them. Hallucinations, difficulty retaining visual memory, delusions, lack of self-awareness and control are some of the common symptoms of this disorder.

Somatization disorder: this disorder is also known as hysteria or Briquet syndrome. It is characterized by people who constantly complain of pain caused by certain conditions, although there is no medical evidence or physical cause for it. In this case, the person experiences the symptoms of the condition and even feels the pain caused by it. This disorder is often seen in people with chronic pain or irritable bowel syndrome.

Shared psychotic disorder: when an otherwise healthy person begins to believe in the delusional thoughts of a psychotic person with whom he has a close relationship, it is known as shared psychotic disorder or folie á deux. This is an extremely rare condition that occurs only in very long-term relationships.

Substance abuse: the harmful use of certain psychoactive substances such as drugs, tobacco and alcohol, which leads to a dependence on these substances is known as substance abuse. The person often understands the harmful nature of the substance and continues to use it.

Although not exhaustive, this list of mental illnesses has attempted to encapsulate the mental disorders commonly identified by psychiatrists and health professionals around the world. Some of these mental disorders and their symptoms may encompass more than one category. What is important is to monitor the warning signs of these mental health conditions. The evaluation of the condition and immediate treatment, either in the form of therapy or medication, can help prevent what could become a serious and debilitating psychiatric disorder.

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